Leadership, By Stephen P. Robbins And Timothy A - 1573 Words

Leadership According to Stephen P. Robbins and Timothy A. Judge book; Essential of Organizational behavior, leadership is a process and the ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision, set and attends to a common goal within its group context. I will not argue against that description. However, I have heard that Hitler could be identified as a great leader, and that made me wonder what definite a leader in a leadership role. Therefore, in this paper, I will reflect on what I have learned about leadership in this class, where I stand in the leadership spectrum, and what does my result tells me about the kind of leadership role I may have. Traits As it was written on one of the class slides, a leader can change the way people think about what is possible. In other words, it can be suggested that leaders have certain traits that allows them to possess or cultivate leadership characteristics. When the â€Å"Great Man† theories was presented during the early 1990s, it focused on identifying innate qualities and characteristics that many great social, political, and military leaders possessed. This leadership traits approach is one of the first methodical attempts to study what leaders possess, which ultimately concluded but not fully determine as the only traits needed. These traits are intelligence, self-confidence, determination, integrity and sociability. As to where I stand in this trait spectrum, I know that I have determination, integrity and sociability.Show MoreRelatedLeadership Is A Critical And Valuable Component1708 Words   |  7 PagesLeadership is a critical and valuable component to both organizational the ory and behavior as, it assists the organization in accomplishing missions, values, goals and practices that are expected and desired. Leadership as defined, â€Å"is the ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or set of goals,† (Robbins, Stephen P., Judge, Timothy A. 2011). Leadership is diverse and may look different based on multiple factors that may include type of organization, the mission of thatRead MoreOrganization Behavior Analysis Report on Singapore Airlines3808 Words   |  16 Pages............................................................................................. 4 Organization Culture ............................................................................................................................. 6 Leadership ............................................................................................................................................ 7 Conflict ....................................................... .....................................Read MoreCreate A Plan1072 Words   |  5 Pagesby and refer to in times of questioning (Robbins Judge, 2011). Business Plan The functional team has elected the human resources associate as the team’s leader. This individual will make sure the team adheres to the group norms will be fair and impartial and maintain the teams’ motivation by reminding the team of the ultimate goals. Each team member has his or her own motivation for accepting and completing the project. The allocation of roles (Robbins Judge) will be determined by the teamRead MoreCase Study - The Woodson School Essay717 Words   |  3 Pagesconflict. Members accept the existence of the group but resist the constraints it imposes on individuality. There is conflict over who will control the group. When this stage is complete, there will be a relatively clear hierarchy of leadership within the group† (Robbins 275). In order for all three parties to move forward in the development process, they need to establish an executive team who will be able to define the hierarchy of the group while incorporating each participantsâ €™ background and experiencesRead Moreself assessement Essay1227 Words   |  5 Pageshuman behavior by leaders 1.5 Leadership self-evaluation/self-assessment 1.6 The benefits of self- assessment/self-evaluation to leaders today. 1.1 INTRODUCTION Organisations are made up of people and people are a huge asset to any organization. To be more successful in achieving their goal and objectives; organisations needs to have an understanding about their human assets, their behavior, tendencies, best practice etc..† Leadership is the ability of one personRead MoreAutonomy in Workplace Essays657 Words   |  3 Pagesparticipation are needed to succeed. Autonomy is defined as the degree to which a job provides substantial freedom, independence, and discretion to the individual in scheduling the work and in determining the procedures to be used in carrying it out (Robbins Judge 2009). Managers do not easily relinquish their authority and decision making capabilities; however, over time employees earn their manager’s trust and can readily make certain decisions. Utilizing autonomy in the workplace should make employeesRead MoreOrganization Profile1023 Words   |  5 Pagesself-evaluation or self-assessment. It refers to the influences of how an organization operates; it is a snapshot of your group (Wilson, 387). In this paper, I will analyze some exercises that are related to the organizational profile. A). Organizational Profile P. 1 Organizational Description My organization is a privately owned corporation. I am the chief executive officer though I am assisted by other functional managers and shop floor staff in running this organization. A).ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENT 1. Product/Read MoreLeadership Theory Essay1830 Words   |  8 PagesLeadership 1. Definition of leadership and how it differs from management. Leadership and management are two words that are commonly mistaken; the relation and the differences between them are often unclear. Leadership can be defined as „the ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or a set of goals. Managers are there to plan, organize, lead and monitor employees activities. Leaders also have to be able to guide an organization through change. As we will see laterRead MoreDiscuss the Role of the Supervisor in Organizational Planning and Explain the Benefits If Any to the Subordinate, the Supervisor and the Organization1668 Words   |  7 Pagesof the business with her father Mr. Amos Holford over the past two years and will assume full responsibility for leadership of the company upon his retirement. She has a team of supervisors whose length of tenure with the business exceeds her own involvement with One Stop Production, and in general employees have performed the same functions from the business’ inception. The leadership styles of Susan and her father differ drastically. Motivated by her intention to manage the business in a differentRead MoreCulture, Power Politics1527 Words   |  7 Pagesusing the simple structure is that it is simple. One person normally calls the shots and takes full responsibility for the businesses success and failure. â€Å"It’s fast, flexible, and inexpensive to maintain, and accountability is clear† (Judge Robbins, 2007, p.546). Unfortunately, using simple structure as an organizational design limits the business of its full potential, as it grows, it becomes more difficult for one individual to oversee the daily operation and make quick executive decisions. Once

A Modest Proposal Response - 846 Words

Modest Proposal Response Emily Pendyk Parsons AP English 11 December 18, 2011 Dear Mr. Smarmy: I am writing in response to your request of the elimination of Jonathan Swift’s â€Å"A Modest Proposal† from the classrooms, libraries, and the school system as a whole. Let me begin by telling you that I took what you said into deep consideration, but after discussing with the work with some of the English teachers at Martin’s Groves Junior High School and conducting research on my own time, it’s become clear that Swift’s purpose of writing is not to encourage people to eat children, because it is satirical writing. I can reassure you that if Swift was really promoting cannibalism, I would remove it immediately from the curriculum. It is†¦show more content†¦For example, in paragraph 27, Swift claims one of the advantages of his proposal would be the improved treatment of wives by their husbands. Once the women are pregnant, the men see an important role of their wives in the economy. Their wives could potentially give bi rth to a fat, profitable child that could be worth a lot of money. This is humorous because Swift compares the men’s admiration towards their pregnant spouses to, â€Å"their mares in foal, their cows in calf, or sow when they are ready to farrow.† The comparison of children to livestock is completely absurd, but because Swift isn’t really proposing that to be true, it is a humorous situation. I hope you consider my explanation when you review Swift’s essay in the future, and understand the irony he uses in this purely satirical piece. My intentions in this response were strictly assisting you in understanding the purpose and techniques of Swift, and not offending you in any way, shape, or form. I appreciate your participation and concern in your child’s education, however I stand by the board’s decision to include â€Å"A Modest Proposal† in the curriculum, because it serves as a symbol of morality and decency against corruption thro ugh it’s use of self-mocking irony. I hope you agree. Sincerely, Dr. Fredrick F. Farquarie,Show MoreRelatedResponse To A Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift Essay examples770 Words   |  4 Pagesmeasures, and proposals of desperate measures are often met with swift criticism if they are found to be without rational thought and merit. It is unlikely that anyone in their right mind would consider, for any amount of time, the proposal of rearing children, or properly raising them, as food to help alleviate poverty-stricken Ireland in 1729. Yet, Jonathan Swift’s suggestion was satirical brilliance, and it was a modest proposal for illuminating the cause of Ireland’s woes. The proposal was not actuallyRead MoreHardship in Ireland in A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift850 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"A Modest Proposal† written in 1729, he writes of the hardships faced by the lower class and proposes a solution to help it out. Living in Ireland, Swift witnessed many hardships suffered among the poor, such as stealing and begging. Howe ver, not too far away, the British royalty was living a lavish lifestyle, and by doing so, it was sucking the life out of the poor. Jonathan Swift saw this enormous unbalance of wealth and wanted to do something about it. Therefore, in his article, â€Å"A Modest Proposal†Read MoreModest Proposal Assignment Sheet958 Words   |  4 PagesAP English Language and Composition Ms. Bond Modest Proposal Assignment After reading Swift’s â€Å"A Modest Proposal,† it is time for you to be the satirist. First think of a major problem in modern society (It can be a domestic or international struggle). Then create an absurd solution but effectively argue that solution with ethos, logos and pathos. Do not be afraid to experiment with so-called experts, fantastic statistics and confusing syllogism (when you come to a conclusion from two differentRead MoreA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift813 Words   |  4 Pagesthe satirical piece â€Å"A Modest Proposal,† organized an outrageous proposal to the people of Ireland. In this pamphlet, Swift offered his personal views on how to overcome Ireland’s issue of overpopulation and poverty. By raising nationwide attention, Swift plan to shock the readers by emphasizing the idea of cannibalism as a way to deal with Ireland’s problems. Swift’s technique of audience, tone, and pathos help determine the advantages and disadvantages of â€Å"A Model Proposal†. To begin with, SwiftRead MoreA Modest Proposal For Preventing The Children Of Poor People1458 Words   |  6 Pagesin his works of literature is Jonathan Swift, whose hard-hitting essay â€Å"A Modest Proposal For Preventing the Children of Poor People in Ireland, from Being a Burden on Their Parents or Country, and for Making Them Beneficial to the Publick† is one of the most popular and analyzed texts within the world of satire, and truly makes one think about the art. One article that explores Swift’s use of satire within â€Å"A Modest Proposal† is Paddy Bullord’s â€Å"The Scriblerian Mock-Arts† This essay delves deeplyRead MoreThe Satirical Nature of Jonathan Swifts A Modest Proposal Essay example662 Words   |  3 Pages A Modest Proposal The satirical essay â€Å"A Modest Proposal† written and published in in 1729 by an Anglo- Irish man named Jonathan Swift, in response to the worsening conditions of Ireland, was one of his most controversial and severe writings of his time. The narrator in Swift’s essay â€Å"A Modest Proposal† argues for a drastic and radical end to poverty in Ireland. Swift’s proposal suggests that the needy, poor people of Ireland can ease their troubles simply by selling their children as food toRead More Self Representation and the Self-Defeating Speaker in Jonathan Swift1735 Words   |  7 Pagesdeath prepare! What has he left, and who’s his heir?† (153-154). This morally questionable response to the death of a friend is specifically placed to show the insincerity of the speaker. The speaker is, in this sense, self-defeating, but rather than reflecting on to Swift himself, as it does when he is his own speaker, it is projected outwards onto his frien ds and fellow poets. The speaker in â€Å"A Modest Proposal† is similarly indirectly self-defeating. As in â€Å"Verses on the Death of Dr. Swift, D.S.PRead MoreEssay about A Swift Change Is Imminent1714 Words   |  7 PagesAt a first glance, a misogynist’s paradise is apparent when perceiving Jonathan Swift’s The Lady’s Dressing Room and a cannibalistic one in A Modest Proposal. However, Swift’s intricate feelings do not depict Ireland’s crude social convention, but rather for Swift’s revolutionary vitriolic satire, which permeates humanity’s blindness through political stand points. By using grotesque metaphors, to open the figurative eyes of the public, Swift’s poetry forced society to analyze the ways of livingRead MoreA Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift and Tartuffe by Moliere850 Words   |  3 PagesJonathan Swift’s â€Å"A Modest Proposal†, arranging marriages as seen in Moliere’s Tartuffe, or 3RD TEXT, it can all be considered some kind of commerce. The presence of commerce in Jonathan Swift’s â€Å"A Modest Proposal† is anything but modest, but nonetheless it is there and it does take a certain side on finding a solution for society’s main problems at that specific time. In the early 1700’s, conditions in Ireland slowly began to worsen, hence his satirical, scathing response to the lack of solvingRead MoreA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift1340 Words   |  6 PagesA Modest Proposal was written in the year 1729 by the famous satirist Jonathan Swift. In his work he outlines the pros of eating unwanted children of Ireland for economical benefits in a time of great poverty. While the reader can obviously discard the idea of eating children, in his proposal, in a roundabout way, Swift speaks to hard pressing issues of the time. The state of Ireland is well described by Swift in this piece. He speaks of woman who â€Å"instead of being able to work for their honest

Kfc Markting free essay sample

Frame work: In Macro environment there are many factors that will effect the decision making in any organisation. To overcome and analyse these factors organisation can categories it in to PESTLE model which is considered as below. The macro-environmental or external factors of KFC can be identified by using PESTLE analysis which stands for Political, Economic, Social, Technology, Legal and Environmental. Political factors: This factor mainly deals with the government policies and procedures which is worked out through legislation and consists of all legal factors such as How stable is the political environment? Government position on market ethics Government view on culture and religion Government policy on Economy Taxation policy on tax rates and incentives These are some of the political factors that include legal issues, government implementations and define both the formal and informal rules under which the organization must be operated. Economic factor: KFC organization is affected with national and global economic factors such as Cost of labour, Interest and Inflation rates, Economic growth rates, Business cycle stage (e. We will write a custom essay sample on Kfc Markting or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page g. recession, recovery) and Unemployment rates. Due to recession the income of the KFC has consistently dropped down and most of the employees were jobless and the rest employees were employed for very few hours also the organisation had to cut down their budget. Social factor: It includes the cultural and demographic aspects of the external macro environment. The potential of the employees who come from different back grounds and work together in the KFC and customer trends and aspect which the KFC has to consider as per their needs and wants of the customer such as changes in lifestyles, Level of education, Value in society, Demographics (age, sex, race etc. ,) and Change in consumer needs and wants. The U. K people are mostly dependent of the fast food centres as they find very busy with their schedules. Technological factor: This factor is the major driver of globalization which reduces the minimum efficient of production levels and some of the technological factors are recent technological developments, Rate of technology changes, Alternative way of providing services, New discoveries, Communication technology. The technology has now become the most important aspect in KFC as when the customers are mostly delighted and satisfied with service including latest technology that is available in the KFC. The latest Technological methods that are used to serve the customer faster are such as digital screens, wireless headphones for the staff, cooking utensils. Legal factor: The KFC has to maintain the rules and regulations related to the hygiene factors such as like employee proper training regarding the food and safety, personal hygiene, clean work environment and proper use of the utensils. This also deals with the legal environment in which the firms operate like the U. K has come up with the introduction of age discrimination legislation and increase in the minimum wage and greater requirement of recycles. When speaking about the hygiene it’s a very true example were KFC had to bare the high penalty because of failing in maintaining food hygiene. A Kentucky Fried Chicken restaurant at the Hernston Business Park in Bridgend has been fined a record ? 24,000 plus costs of ? 2,000 after pleading guilty at Bridgend Magistrates Court to multiple food hygiene offences the largest penalty handed out to date for such offences in Bridgend County Borough. Bridgend County Borough Council brought two prosecutions against KFC (GB) Ltd result ing from inspections completed by the Public Protection team on 25 September 2005 and 22 May 2006. † Ref: http://www. bridgend. gov. k/web/groups/public/documents/press_release/018326. hcsp http://www. oup. com/uk/orc/bin/9780199296378/01student/additional/page_12. htm Environment factor: KFC by considering the environmental factor has proved to be quite friendly towards environment where it uses the paper material for the food and services carrying instead of plastic to help in reducing the global warming though it cost very high for the organisation to adopt paper materials such as paper plates, paper boxes for food parcel, glasses and cups etc. 3. The Swot Matrix The SWOT analysis is an extremely useful tool for understanding and decision making for all sorts of situation in KFC organisation. The SWOT is acronym for Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats. SWOT provides a good frame work for reviewing stratergy, position and direction of a company or business propositio n. Need an essay? You can buy essay help from us today!

Mangrove Ecology and Conservation an Example of the Topic Education and science by

Mangrove Ecology and Conservation by Expert Prof Leigh | 08 Dec 2016 Ecology Mangrove ecosystems are characterised by tropical trees and shrubs that grow along estuaries, marine shorelines, and sheltered coasts where fine sediments, often with high organic content, collect in areas protected from high-energy wave action.These species are important to prevent coastal erosions and surge storms. They also provide protection to coastal communities from typhoons. Need essay sample on "Mangrove Ecology and Conservation" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed The different mangrove species have prop roots that form dense masses necessary in coastal land building and as foundations of unique ecosystems. Oysters utilize these roots, which prevent water flow, as their habitat. In areas where the roots are completely covered with water, these trees host organisms that require a hard substratum for anchoring while they filter feed. These organisms include algae, barnacles, oysters, sponges and bryozoans. Further, mangrove trees host some fishes and crustacea that are commercially valuable. Scientists have identified five major mangrove species: black mangrove, buttonwood or white mangrove, mangrove palm, red mangrove, and mangrove apple. These trees group together in accordance with their tolerances to physical conditions like tidal ranges, anaerobic soils and intense heat; as well as their responses to other factors such as crabs' predation of plant seedlings. Each of these groups is perse and capable of physiological adaptations to survive despite the harshness of their environment. For example, the red mangroves survive the low level of oxygen in soils by taking in air through their barks and by placing themselves up above water with stilt roots. People Frequently Tell Us: Who wants to write paper for me? Professional writers propose: We are Here to Help You Due to the high salinity of the ecosystem, these species have developed mechanisms to limit salt intake. The white mangroves limit salt intake by having two glands at each leaf base that can secrete salt directly. The biggest challenge that these plants face is getting food from the inhospitable soil. To get nourishment, mangroves use their prop roots to take up gases directly from the atmosphere as well as iron from the soil. Burke et al. (2001, quoted in Broshear 2005) is in agreement with most scientists that the region of greatest mangrove persity is in Southeast Asia, particularly around the Indonesian Archipelago. Broshear (2005) discussed in a study that from the Southeast Asian center of origin, mangrove forests have distributed themselves around the globe and have been documented to establish themselves between the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, and rarely are they found above this latitude. Conservation and Management Mangrove communities all over the globe face many disturbances that could be categorised into two: natural devastation that is typically brought on by typhoons, and those resulting from the influence of human on nature. High human populations in coastal habitats across the world are under pressure to reclaim mangrove areas for development. Mangroves are also exploited for valuable wood and fishery resources. A quarter of mangrove destruction is the result of shrimp farming (Botkin & Keller 2003), while other factors include conversion of large areas of mangrove to aquaculture and agriculture. On top of this, global warming presents further threat to this valuable habitat. Studies have shown that species in natural environments, like the mangroves, could adapt to gradual changes in climate. However, rapid changes have often led to extinctions of species and the collapse of natural habitats. Global warming could possibly impact mangrove ecosystems in this manner. As their importance to the marine environment has become widely accepted by scientists, various institutions launched programs to address the degradation and decline of mangrove forest ecosystems. These efforts involve legislative, management, conservation and rehabilitation. In Australia, two of the most known mangrove ecosystems are the Darwin Harbour tropical estuary that has the Northern Territory's largest stand of mangroves, and the Wet Tropics of Queensland. Darwin Harbour Darwin is the capital of the Australian Northern Territory. It has an extensive coastline, a tropical climate, and strong cyclone periods. Inter-tidal mangrove and salt-marsh communities populate about 27,350 hectares, or at least two-thirds of Darwin's vast coastlines. The area's growing population over the years and a relatively scarce land resulted to the reclamation of coastal fringes for the construction of houses. The reclamation projects,combined with strong cyclones, have threatened the region's largest mangrove ecosystem. Since 1983, the community and the Environment Centre of the Northern Territory have been campaigning for the protection and conservation of Darwin Harbour's natural and cultural heritage. Their efforts were finally rewarded when in 2003, the government declared Darwin Harbour's mangroves as a conservation zone. At the same time, a management plan was also released that contained key recommendations for the protection of the natural and cultural values of Darwin Harbour (Pedder 2003). Wet Tropics of Queensland The Wet Tropics World Heritage area covers more than 8,940 square kilometers of Queensland's tropical, terrestrial ecoregions located in northeastern Australia. The region became part of the World Heritage in 1988, and as such, has been made one of the protected areas in the country. The Wet Tropics rainforests contain the most complete and perse living record of the major stages in the evolutionary history of the words land plants, as well as one of the most important living records of the history of the marsupials and the songbirds. Mangrove ecosystems in the region merge with the rainforest, sharing many species at the interface including Diospyros littorea, which occurs only on the landward side of mangroves. These mangroves are also hosts to salt marsh plants and epiphytes, which are among the native species in this ecoregion. The protection of the Wet Tropics came as a result of deforestation threats and the onslaught of invasive pest species. Deforestation in the area caused defragmentation of habitats, leading to the decline of some endemic species. Global Conservation Despite concerted efforts to prevent the gradual disappearance of mangrove forest ecosystems, these coastal habitats continue their decline in a global scale. There is an abundance of scientific studies and literature for management and conservation of mangroves but they needed to be disseminated to non-scientists in a format that they can use. Stepping up previous attempts at creating a practical mangrove conservation plan, Macintosh and Ashton (2002) conducted a study in 2002 aimed at formulating a generic code of conduct for sustainable management of mangrove forest ecosystems. The authors concluded that management and conservation of mangrove biopersity are relative to each region, taking into consideration local issues and hurdles. For programs designed to manage and conserve mangrove habitats to be successful, there should be a close coordination among lay people, biologists, and social scientists with the support of the local government. Bibliography Australian Government Department of the Environment and Water Resources1988, Wet Tropics of Queensland, viewed 17 October 2007 Botkin, D. and E. Keller 2003, 'Environmental Science: Earth as a living planet', page 2, John Wiley & Sons. Broshear, J 2005, Mangrove Forest Distribution, Disturbances, and Conservation, viewed 18 October 2007 Goosem, S 2001, Queensland Tropical Rainforests, viewed 17 October 2007, http://www.worldwildlife.org/wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/aa/aa0117_full.html Macintosh, DJ and Ashton, EC 2002, A Review of Mangrove Biopersity Conservation and Management, The World Bank and Centre for Tropical Ecosystems Research, University of Aarhus, Denmark Pedder, A 2003, 'The Environment Centre Northern Territory', ECNT Welcomes the Long Awaited Darwin Harbour Plan of Management, 23 December, viewed 18 October 2007, http://www.ecnt.org/html/cur_marine_darwin_overview.html UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1988, Protected Areas Programme, viewed 17 October 2007, http://www2.wcmc.org.uk/protected_areas/data/wh/wettropi.html

Women’s Voices of September 11 an Example by

Women’s Voices of September 11 America has a very rich and interesting history. Americas history has been filled with both triumphs and tragedies. In fact, it seems that Americas tragedies have become its triumphs as well. This is due to the fact that through all of its ups and downs America has had its share of heroes. Nobody will forget George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and Abraham Lincoln. In addition, nobody will ever forget Martin Luther King Jr. for his courageous crusade during the Civil Rights Movement. We will also never forget Rosa Parks for her bravery by refusing to give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. We remember Rosa Parks bravery and she was a hero. However, it seems that on balance throughout American history while the media has focused on the events that have shaped the world and covered the heroes of those events, it has glossed over or completely ignored the unsung heroines over these events. Sadly, the media has not changed a bit when women heroines are concerned especially concer ning events at Ground Zero after New York was attacked by terrorists. Need essay sample on "Womens Voices of September 11" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Heroes and heroines come in all shapes and sizes. Women are just as strong as or stronger than men and the media should not just gloss over them or completely ignore them when covering Americas triumphs and tragedies. However, womens voices on September 11 were ignored so they received no media attention. Women had strong voices on September 11 and they deserve to be head. Why did the media choose to ignore the vast presence of womens voices at Ground Zero on and after September 11? The media needs to realize that women were heroines on September 11 at Ground Zero as well as men. Therefore, we must call attention to the ignored heroes at Ground Zero. This paper will hopefully give a voice to the heroines at Ground Zero during and after the terrorist attack on New York. Annotated Bibliography Carout, M & Hagen, S. (2002). Women at Ground Zero: Stories of courage and compassion. Indianapolis: Alpha Books. The authors have illustrated that women also were at Ground Zero and participated in the relief efforts. Keegan, W. (2006). Closure: The untold story of the Ground Zero recovery mission. New York: Simon and Schuster. An operations commander at the World Trade Center site documents the nine months after the terrorist attacks where he and his squad took part in the relief effort. Kelley, A. (2003). First to arrive: Firefighters at Ground Zero. Philadelphia: Chelsea House. This book has a brief history of the 911 attacks and firefighting. It also talks about women firefighters. Roleff, T. (Ed.). (2003) The World Trade Center attacks San Diego: Greenhaven Press. This book offers some firsthand historical accounts of what exactly happen at Ground Zero and how many people dealt with it. Vandenheuven, K. (Ed.). (2002) A Just Response: The nation on terrorism, democracy, September 11, 2001. New York: Thundermountain Press.

Ethics in Action

Ethics in Action Ethics plays an important role in our decision-making process, be it individually or collectively in an organizational context. Ethics deals with knowing what is wrong and what is right. Thus, it involves analyzing ethical decisions, beliefs, and actors inline with different activities. Recognizing the risks of poor decision-making can prevent ethical issues that arise in our daily life or career.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Ethics in Action specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this light, this paper focuses on the attributes of poor decision making, how to resist unethical acts, and the essential components of ethical leadership. Decision-making entails reducing uncertainty about many alternatives, which allows the decision maker to make the best choice. However, several people are not good in decision-making as they believe, and the few who set goals do not achieve them. According to Mallor et al (2010), the thr ee common characteristics of poor decision-making are failing to remember objectives, overconfidence, and complexity of issues. It is easy for people to set goals and not achieve anything. The reason is that they set them, but do not do anything to make sure that their activities do not deviate from the set goals. After setting the goals, managers fail to remember them on daily basis and thus, they make no progress. Similarly, overconfidence causes people to overvalue their knowledge and underestimate the risks in decision-making. Many decision makers think that if they are able to accomplish their goals before without much effort, then they are too confident that they will achieve them without working hard or considering other alternatives. Complexity of issues is another cause of poor decision-making. As the issues become more complex, it is not easy to come up with meaningful and best solutions. There is a possibility of ignoring some important issues and considering the simple a nd less important ones.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Resisting suggestions to act unethically is helpful in avoiding the causes of poor decision-making. First, finding mentors and peer support group is essential in resisting unethical acts. Individuals in these groups will be able to share information that relates to their work, and discuss on many matters such as the code of ethics. Second, the team members can forward their concern to the authority about any unethical matters. Individuals should work with the firm to stop unethical behavior where they report such matters to the top management. Lastly, recognition of unethical requests and people is important in this sense. When team members are taught on how to deal with unethical issues in their daily activities, they will be able to tell between both ethical and unethical issues (Mallor et al., 2010). In thi s regard, there are many ways to act ethically as a leader in an organization. First, the leader should put the organizations interest first. This means that the leader should listen to the other team members and more so give them more power in decision making. In other words, he should leave his ego and his self-interest behind and do what is best for the firm. A good leader should implement ways in which those who are under him can question his authority just in case he acts unethically. Additionally, participative decision-making is the best rather than autocratic leadership because the other group members will be able to give more information and thus, it is easy to make decisions. The group members will have a feel of ownership in making decisions and more so in areas that affect them and thus, become more productive. Gaylord et al (2009) suggests that a leader must also strive to become interpersonally competent. He should learn to understand more on body language and facial e xpressions, which could have many meanings. Communication and good listening skills are also important because the leader can understand the team members better. However, before trying to understand others, he should first have self-understanding. In conclusion, ethical consideration takes an important part in decision-making. Understanding and avoiding the major characteristics of poor decision-making, including failing to remember goals, overconfidence, and complexity of issues provides an avenue for solving ethical problems.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Ethics in Action specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As a leader, it is therefore important to find help from support groups, work with organization, and recognize suspicious activities in order to resist unethical acts. Finally, a good leader must first consider organization’s interest, apply participative decision-making, and practice interpersonal compet ency to lead ethically. References Gaylord, A., Jentsz, Miller, R. L., Rank B. C. (2009). Business Law: Text and Summarized Cases: Legal, Ethical, Global and E-Commerce Environment. Cengage Learning. New York. Mallor, J.P., Barnes, A.J., Bowers, T., Langvardt, A.W. (2010). Business Law: The Ethical, Global, And Ecommerce Environment (14th ed.). New York: Irwin/McGraw Hill.

One important way monopolistically competitors differentiate their Essay

One important way monopolistically competitors differentiate their products is by location - Essay Example One such strategy involves locating shopping areas, influenced by vacation trends of consumers. Such retailers establish shopping areas either at central areas of consumer’s trip or in vacation destinations. This locational strategy has been successful to the retailers. In the short term, retailers have increased sales during the vacation times. This is because consumers who have made vacation trips prefer doing their shopping at central points of their trip (Campbell 8). On the other hand, considering a long-term strategy, particularly when several factory retail outlets cluster together in an area, they become an attraction to shoppers. Such clusters are popular since this form of vacation retail is enjoyable to the consumers. It can be because many consumers usually treat themselves with shopping when travelling than when at home. Another retail strategy based on location involves the providence of convenience to consumers. This is in particular to urban centers where shopping is an activity to compete with other activities. As such, there is the need to save on time by the consumers (Campbell 9). Retail areas close in terms of location often have those goods in high demand such as liquor or video stores. However, also based on convenience, for other exotic goods, consumers prefer areas with clusters of stores. Such areas thus have high traffic flow in terms of consumers. In the short term, this strategy of situating shopping areas in the most convenient areas beams of success because consumers want value for their time and it enables them to shop for related items in the same area. This strategy will succeed in the long term. This can be related to the convenience created by clusters of shopping stores in various areas. Consumers prefer such areas since they will get goods they need all in one trip. It also helps to avoid the hustle of comparing goods for infrequent but costly

Homelessness in the UK - what are the causes and its effect in the Dissertation

Homelessness in the UK - what are the causes and its effect in the society - Dissertation Example The houses of the people can also be destroyed by natural calamities like floods and hurricanes. (Main Causes of Homelessness, n.d.). The events of homelessness makes an individual all the more physically and psychologically unfit to live in. These people suffer from diseases like cold and insomnia. (Bodine, 2010). Aims The research paper on Homelessness in United Kingdom aims to achieve the following goals which can be listed as follows: 1. The causes which lead to making the people homeless in United Kingdom. 2. Effects of the factors which causes the people to become homeless on the life cycle of the people affected by such. 3. The changes brought about by the government through the introduction of policy measures aimed at preventing the people to become homeless. Objectives The objectives behind studying Homelessness in United Kingdom are to: 1. Identify the factors which cause the event of homelessness in United Kingdom. The identification of such factors would help focus on the safeguarding of communities from being made homeless. 2. Evaluate the potency of such impacts in disturbing the lives of the people in United Kingdom by making them physically and mentally impaired. The people put in the streets continually face the climatic changes which turns fatal for them. 3. Assess the amount of damages to life of the people rendered due to homelessness and policy measures taken if any to counter such. Scope of the Research The scope of the research paper is to underlie the causes which lead to the event of making people deprived of their homely or domestic environments. In that the paper endeavors to gauge the impact of such factors in immensely affecting the life patterns of the people residing in United Kingdom. The paper also divulges to find any significant policy measures taken by the government of the country in helping the people put in the streets to gain a better life. The research conducted gains due importance for it specifically focuses on a parti cular social evil which aims at snatching the basic means of living from the general population for which they also meet fatal incidents. The event of homelessness in United Kingdom has huge impact on the construction and housing business of the country. These families which were rendered homeless posed several types of complaints based on the houses rendered to them by the government of the country so as to counter the event. Homeless applicants who were rendered private homes to dwell in complained of lack of proper spaces to help them move away freely in the apartment. Further the location of the private buildings being near the crowded corners caused the occupants major disturbances in maintaining a silent environment in and around their homes. Further other special types of accommodation provided to the homeless people also countered huge problems for the rise in the amount of drug peddlers in the region. The people living in such households appeared to fear from the impacts of such people on affecting their children. For homeless people the best housing solution rendered by the United Kingdom government is to allow the local communities to build in permanent homes for them. Permanent homes build by the local authority for these people were favored above the temporary homes firstly because of their sense of security. However the government of

The Right to an Occupational License Research Paper

The Right to an Occupational License - Research Paper Example There might also be a residency issue because the prisoner may be serving time in an institution that is not in his or her home state and, therefore, may not meet the residency requirement. All that being said, this student believes that prisoners should be able to vote in that they are likely affected as much as any ordinary citizen by who wins. Furthermore, if felons could vote, perhaps an interest in the upcoming election could occur, thereby giving the prisoners a greater understanding and appreciation for the law. This student’s answer for 1 (a) was not any, but I would just like to say that I can see no reason why a prisoner let out into the community should not be able to vote. This student wonders why after a prisoner has served his or her time he would not enjoy the same rights as all the eligible citizens who have not served time. The released individual should not have to apply to have his or her voting rights restored. Citizen B, basically, committed several offenc es; namely, sexual harassment per se; intimidation; and firing an employee who would not acquiesce to her demands. Although the question states that she successfully â€Å"served† her two years of probation, it gives no indication that she carried out appropriate community service and/or took counselling designed to help her to understand her behaviour and to refrain from it in the future. She did not serve jail time and, apparently, did not make restitution to the fired employee. Consequently, at this time, I do not believe that she should be allowed to hold public office.

The strategies of McDonalds expanding internationally three MacDonald

The strategies of McDonalds expanding internationally three MacDonald 9.3.1 Introduction The biggest challenge for an multinational is to maintain its global strategy in the stint of diversity as they hit different foreign lands. The same was the biggest challenge for McDonalds when they launched into India. They faced severe Public relation crisis and it was a very difficult to come up with a solution in such a country. Some of the key variables in this relation were the suppliers, customers, government and the Global Brand image of the company itself. McDonald Corporation was created in the year 1955, when Ray Kroc opened his first restaurant in Des Plaines, Illinois. He soon realized this success could be duplicated across the United States and beyond, if consistency and quality could be maintained. In 1957, the company adopted Quality, Service, Cleanliness and Value as its motto. Over the decades, McDonalds corporation has grown to a $ 25 billion company and is the worlds leading food service retailer with more than 30,000 restau ­rants in 119 countries serving 27 million customers each day. With such high customer base and the industry they cater too, it becomes very challenging to maintain the Public Relation standards as per each country norms. This industry strives on the type of public relation one creates with the customers and various stakeholders. The globalization, WTO, the facilitates that many governments offered for foreign organizations to enter to its markets, the availability of many suppliers worldwide for many goods and services, all these factors and other factors in behind encouraged many organization to expand globally, this wide expansion made the responsibilities of the operation management more comprehensive and complicated, operation management means design, execution and control the organization operation through convert the resources into desired goods or services with aim to implement it based on the business strategy (Business Dictionary). 9.3.2 Background When McDonalds started their operations in 1948 the menu consisted of cheese burgers and hamburgers, pie, potato chips and beverages like milk, soft drinks, coffee. The cost of hamburger at that time was mere 15 cents. Now it is the largest food chain all over the world. By 1965 McDonalds had 700 restaurants. McDonalds all over the worlds are aligned by Global strategy of plan to win. This strategy focuses on price, people, customer experience, promotion and place. It is a publicly traded company and around 80% of the McDonalds restaurants all over the world are operating on franchisee basis. It competitors consist of Sub Way, burger king, Wendys and YUM which run some of the very famous brands like KFC, AW, Pizza Hut and Taco Bell. McDonalds is the industry leader in terms of sales, market cap, employees, gross and net margins. The main cited reason of McDonalds success is the quality standards they have been able to maintain all over the world despite having location constraints at some of the places. They have consistently developed new menu items thereby always attracting new sets of customer and giving enough reasons to old customer to be attached. With this challenging cut throat competition, public relations are becoming very critical for quick restaurant industry. A psychological competition right now in US is the criticism these industry is facing from large obese population. This is especially true for the concept of value meals which provide extra large portion of unhealthy foods. The nutritional value of the quick restaurant segment has sparked many a campaigns and few legal actions. According to New York City department of Health a law was passed in 2008 making it mandatory for quick restaurant to post all the calorie related information against the food item on the menu boards. One of the biggest outcries has been the promotion of this food habits among the socio economic classes and the direct correlation of the obesity among the people. In response McDonalds introduced new and healthier item in the menu and shifted its marketing. With this background McDonalds entered into Singapore as a very famous brand to cater. 9.3.3 McDonald Profile The roots of McDonalds go back to the early 1940s when the McDonald brothers Dick and Mac opened their first restaurant in San Bernardino, California. Ray Kroc, a salesman with a flair for marketing, was so impressed by the speed at which they served people that he became their national franchise agent. McDonald Corporation was created in the year 1955, when Ray Kroc opened his first restaurant in Des Plaines, Illinois. He soon realized this success could be duplicated across the United States and beyond, if consistency and quality could be maintained. In 1957, the company adopted Quality, Service, Cleanliness and Value as its motto. Over the decades, McDonalds corporation has grown to a $ 25 billion company and is the worlds leading food service retailer with more than 30,000 restau ­rants in 119 countries serving 27 million customers each day. In January 2003, McDonalds announced its first ever-quarterly loss of $343.8 million since it became a public company in 1965. This led McDonalds to embark upon on a new strategic course, reflecting upon a fundamental change in its approach to growing business. While it initially aimed at adding new restaurants, it now shifted its emphasis to building sales at existing restaurants. In February 2004, McDonalds Corporation announced that System wide sales for McDonalds restaurants had increased by 22.6%, or 14.8% as compared to the previous year. Comparable sales for McDonalds restaurants worldwide had increased by 13.9%. Macdonald is known as fast food company worldwide, it has over 32,000 restaurants worldwide, approximately 75% of MacDonalds restaurants operated via franchise, therefore the nature of MacDonald business guided its performance to pay attention to the quality objective with aim to reduce the costs, as long as it exist in several countries and each country different from each other in terms of taxes row materials, suppliers etc, pay attentions to the speed objective which is the core of its business, pay attention to the flexibility objective, the exist in different nations strongly required to able to change and flexible based on the host country culture and custom. 9.3.4 Strategic Objectives Quality is the mirror of any organization, customers could judge about the organization based on the level of the organization quality, therefore the first step to attract customers is through quality objective which is in somehow is to guarantee that customers will return back again, in this part MacDonald provided high quality products and services though standardize all its branches, and therefore MacDonald obtained customers satisfaction additional to made the operation more easy for the staff, for example MacDonald deal with over 20 bakeries to standardize the products in all the united states in terms of color, flavor etc (Gale/Online), the target of standardization is not only to aim to standardize the food in all restaurants but also to reduce the possibility of mistakes and therefore reduce costs too, another part of the quality objective that MacDonald provided which consider as rare in front of many restaurants is providing customers with nutrition information, thus custom ers can select the meal that applicable to their health (POM Report Macdonald/Online). Speed is the core of MacDonald objectives, to achieve speed objective MacDonald provide set of order channels such as drive-thru, home delivery etc, according to MacDonald CEO McDonalds that put the fast in fast food, and its speed continues to be a major factor in the iconic restaurant chains profits (Restaurant news/Online). Flexibility which consider the secret of MacDonald Success in front of its traditional competitors, MacDonald almost managed to be flexible in all the markets its entered, the flexibility of MacDonald made kind of loyalty among customers and MacDonald due to the changes that MacDonald made it based on the customers cultures and taste, additional to the flexibility to supply from local suppliers of the host country, for example MacDonald added corn soup to the food menu in China, adopted slaughter by Islamic method in GCC countries etc, flexibility to reflect positively insid e the operation through the readiness to response to any increase in the demands. Macdonald is one of the rare organization that succeed to balance between its operation strategic and customer demands, MacDonald combined order-winning and qualifying factors, in terms of order-winning which refer to the customer as key reason of purchasing the product or service (Slack, Chambers Johnston, pp 69), MacDonald as we clarified previously its ability to be flexible for any changes based on the host county culture, in terms of the qualifying factors which refer to that operation performance has to be above a particular level just to be consider by the customer (Slack, Chambers Johnston, pp 69), MacDonald paid attention to the quality aspect, and strive to make all its brunches standardized, therefore MacDonald built hamburger university to teach the franchisers how to be on the standard. Therefore MacDonald operation process aligned with the strategic objectives successfully. 9.3.5 Operation Process Due to the importance of the quality, speed, and cost MacDonald adopted decentralization methodology in its supply network, for example MacDonald in China deal with over 50 suppliers which covers 95% of the raw materials, another example show the (Chain Daily/Online) methodology of MacDonald supply network is MacDonald in United Kingdom, where MacDonald rely on the local market for its supply for almost 60% of the raw materials (Benfield /Online). Although MacDonald rely on outsource for most of its supplies but it maintained the quality part with aim to standardize the meal in all its branch locally and globally, thus MacDonald spent millions to found hamburger university, additional to the close training to the franchisers (AMI info/Online) with aim to ensure that its franchisers will provide the oriented level of quality additional to the closely monitoring and supervision (Slide share/Online). In terms of location of capacity MacDonald deal with Egypt Bakery Stores to supply part of African countries additional to Saudi market, Egypt Bakery Stores has selected by MacDonald due to the strong capacity, Egypt Bakery Stores has over 180 stores regionally (Egypt Bakery Stores/Online), in terms of MacDonald in China, MacDonald selected to start its business in China market particularly in Shenzhen the economic zone of China due to the facilitates that Shenzhen offered to the foreign firms such as cheap power, freedom to hire and fire, cheap manpower, low taxes etc (Paul, pp 478). In terms of the layout MacDonald aimed to have layout that meet its competitive needs, additional to utilize the space as possible as it can in professional and safety way (Operation management/Online). 9.3.6 Utilizing Technology As we mentioned previously how MacDonald paid high attention to the standard and quality parts in several Dimensions, for example in Australia in terms of the documentation work such as issuing and archiving documents, every branch of MacDonald required in quarterly basis to do archive for high volume of documents such as architects, surveyors, interior decorators and designers, and these documents include restaurant layouts, design guidelines, operating procedures, style guides for internal imagery, high resolution photographs and graphics libraries, to store all these documents MacDonald used to save it in CDs, MacDonald observed that this method in somehow expensive and difficult to control, therefore MacDonald deal with Aconex, Aconex offer high technology which allow all MacDonald branch to upload all the documents in one resource (website), thus with this technology MacDonald succeed to reduce costs and time, additional to facilitate a way to find the any documents easily. (Aco nex/Online) 9.3.7 Launch in Asia (Test Market-India) The biggest problem McDonald faced was during the launch of its product in India was the public image it was carrying as an International food chain and not matching Indian standards. There were concerns raised about how the burgers are made in McDonalds. Offering the cheapest burger in the world was not easy 11. In India, McDonalds chose to offer a menu that had no beef or pork items and special product formu ­lations to accommodate the Indian culture and palate. This included developing special sauces with the use of local spices, which once again, contained no beef or pork or any of their derivatives or flavorings. Furthermore, all the vegetarian products, including the mayonnaise in vegetable burg ­ers, were egg-less and 100% vegetarian. Additions to the menu have been a regular feature of McDonalds in India. The product devel ­opment team works on innovations in products. These are based on consumer insights and feedback obtained through extensive research. McDonalds in India conducts regular qualitative and quantitative studies, tracking the target consumer lifestyle across India, a practice that is followed internationally as well. All the new products are test-launched and following customer approval and feedback, the product is taken forward after making the necessary changes. The number of changes in the product offering is the greatest in India. To date, McDonalds has introduced 12 products to suit the Indian tastes. When you perceive the product range as Nothing but the best, providing quality to the customer requires extensive and meticulous quality control. This is a particularly difficult task in a land where a substantial amount of food produce is wasted every year due to lack of proper infrastructure and storage facilities. It was under these circumstances that McDonalds India went about creating the cold chain infrastructure for its restaurants in the country. As McDonalds considers the quality of its products to be of absolute importance, it sets stand ­ards for suppliers that are amongst the highest in the food industry. World over, McDonalds be ­lieves in developing close relationships with suppliers and this is precisely what it has done in India. 9.3.8 Variables Commitment Provided by McDonalds in India-building Suppliers within India In keeping with commitment of sourcing almost all the products from local country suppliers, McDonalds tried to identify Indian business which shared the level of commitment and dedication in supplying its customers with the highest quality products. In the process, McDonalds actually en ­couraged entrepreneurship, by introducing the local suppliers to its global suppliers. This associa ­tion involved transferring in latest food processing technology, thereby leading to an improvement in quality standards and helping create world class manufacturing facilities in India. This was the first step towards creating the unique cold chain. McDonalds suppliers of cheese, Dynamix Dairy, too, recognizing the needs of quality milk for making quality cheese, did set up a quality program for in house milk procurement. McDonalds local supply networks through Radhakrishna Foodland (P) Ltd, which operates distribution centers (DC) for McDonalds restaurants in Delhi Mumbai. The increase in the number of restaurants, investments in multi temperature trucks and systems, which enable the tracking of demand and supply, have helped control inventories. On its part, McDonalds constantly pushes its suppliers and DCs to bring costs down. Suppliers have to hence, necessarily find ways of improving efficiencies, reducing time and cutting costs. The Indian Value Proposition Business decisions in the company are based on emerging trends in the informal eating out industry as well as the marketplace dynamics. In the present economic environment, reviewing the external environment, macro economic factors and consumer-spending patterns is extremely important and this is reviewed along with qualitative studies. As providing value to the customer is the key, price sensitivity studies are conducted before de ­termining the pricing. The rate of inflation is also reviewed. A penetrative pricing strategy has been adopted for most of the products to sustain long-term growth. McDonalds definition of value was far broader than of most of the restaurants in its competition. With this objective, McDonalds India has launched a variety of options grouped under the umbrella of Value Meal. The a la carte items (Burgers, Wraps and McCurry Pan) can be purchased with either a small drink small fries to make up a small value meal or with a medium drink and medium fries for a medium value meal. For Rs. 10/- (net) more, the medium value meal can be upsized to a large Value Meal. This offers the customer a larger selection, and also provides value to the customers (up to Rs. 12/- on every Value Meal) with these combinations. The Happy Price Menu is a move to demonstrate to the customers that McDonalds is affordable. It aims to connect the customer with the branding, the proposition not with the price or the product alone. Under this offering, the McAloo Tikki, Chicken McGrill, Pizza McPuff and the Soft Serve Small [Hot Fudge Strawberry] are offered at Rs. 20. The En deavour is to offer good food, more convenient hours, enhanced service and great value. With the new Happy Meal which has been recently launched, the company aims at addressing the issue of value, choice and flexibility. The starting price point is Rs.55 [net] across the country and offers a wide range of burgers to choose from, viz. in addition to McAloo Tikki, Chicken McGrill and Pizza McPuff earlier, now customers can also choose from McVeggie, McChicken and Filet-O ­-Fish as part of their Happy Meal. The customer is also given the option of substituting the aerated beverage for a small McShake for Rs.8.00 more. The People and the Training-Critical to Public Relations Service is the key element of McDonalds operations. Every employee strived in providing 100 % customer satisfaction for every customer in every visit. This included friendly and attentive service, along with accuracy in order taking and anticipation of customers needs. When the Indian joint venture was formalized, the MTs were given extensive job training in Indonesia. MTs in human resources, real estate and buildings were hired and global directors worked with them to train them in the necessary areas. At McDonalds, training is combination of on-floor along with classroom training, provided by the Learning and Development department, with exposure in various aspects of business. The projected sales of each restaurant determine its staffing requirements. On an average, every restau ­rant has a staff of 40-60 people, including managers. Induction training is conducted at the time of an employees joining the organization. This was done through interactions as well as through exposure with the customer through operation training within the restaurants for a fixed period of time. The organization also provides ample opportunities of overseas training to those displaying po ­tential. Restaurant Managers are sent to the Restaurant Leadership Program held at the prestigious Hamburger University. Similarly, employees of other departments are sent abroad for various rel ­evant training programs. The Location Being located in the right place is always critical in retail. McDonalds prefers to be located at a place convenient to the people. Various parameters termed as generators by the company are studied to gauge the kind of business that could be generated from the location. Some of the generators are residences, shopping areas, offices, entertainment, education institutions along with transit points like stations or bus depots. Feasibility studies are done and once the location is finalized, the premises may either be bought or taken on a long-term lease. The joint venture company makes a majority of the investments. An in- ­house team aided by architects, interior designers and legal agencies then work on creating the restaurant. The People and the Training When the Indian joint venture was formalized, the MTs were given extensive job training in Indonesia. MTs in human resources, real estate and buildings were hired and global directors worked with them to train them in the necessary areas. At McDonalds, training is combined with on-floor along with classroom training, provided by the Learning and Development department, along with the exposure towards various aspects of business. The projected sales of each restaurant determine its staffing requirements. On an average, every restau ­rant has a staff of 40-60 people, including managers. Induction training is conducted at the time of an employees joining the organization. This was done through interactions as well as through exposure with the customer through operation training within the restaurants for a fixed period of time. The organization also provides ample opportunities of overseas training to those displaying po ­tential. Developing the Supply Chain When you perceive the product range as Nothing but the best, providing quality to the customer requires extensive and meticulous quality control. This is a particularly difficult task in a land where a substantial amount of food produce is wasted every year due to lack of proper infrastructure and storage facilities. It was under these circumstances that McDonalds India went about creating the cold chain infrastructure for its restaurants in the country. McDonalds considers quality of its products of absolute importance; it is known for setting stand ­ards for suppliers amongst the highest in food industry. World over, McDonalds be ­lieved in development of close relationships with suppliers and this is precisely what it has done in India. In the process, McDonalds actually en ­couraged entrepreneurship, by introducing the local suppliers to its global suppliers. This associa ­tion involved transfer of state-of-the-art food processing technology, thereby leading to an improvement in quality standards and helping create world class manufacturing facilities in India. This was the first step towards creating the unique cold chain. Building the Brand Once the infrastructure was ready, the build-up towards the opening of the first McDonalds restau ­rant in India began. A 3600 approach was taken, wherein the marketing, advertising and the public relations support were garnered before the launch. When McDonalds launched its first restaurants in India, the advertising done was largely local in nature. Teaser campaigns in local newspapers and extensive PR were used. Ronald McDonald parades also helped create excitement in the first few months of the launch. Mc Donalds had posi ­tioned its restaurant as a family restaurant and barred smoking and serving of alcohol on its premises. In the first two years of its launch in India, the advertising worked on increasing footfalls at its restaurants. Economy pricing of products like the ice cream cone at Rs. 7, bounce back coupons with every cone and Economeals at Rs. 29, 39 and 49 played a major role in getting customers into the restaurants. The results were apparent and resulted in a 48% increase in footfalls along with 30 % hike in the sales. From the onset, McDonalds had positioned itself as a family restaurant and barred smoking and serving of alcohol on its premises. From the year 2000, McDonalds focused on creating a dis ­tinct image of the brand in the mind of the consumer and launched its McDonalds main hai kuch baat campaign. It was the first Quick Service Restaurant [QSR] brand in the country to start adver ­tising on television. The first commercial Stage fright brought out the emotional bond between a father and child. In the same year, the company aired its 1V commercial for the Rs. 7/- soft serve cone cam ­paign, thereby establishing its value proposition. However, research also indicated that people were unaware of the food served by McDonalds. This led to the creation of an advertising campaign which focused on familiarizing customers with the food served at McDonalds. The film showed peo ­ple dreaming of the food served at McDonalds, thus depicting the range of products it offered. Sub ­sequently, in 2002, the company moved to a new tagline To Aaj McDonalds Ho Jaye, which indicated that now McDonalds is a part of your daily life. Consumer research also pointed out that a larger mix of offering was required in its vegetarian menu and McDonalds consciously addressed this need. The company also became aware that eating out, though gaining in frequency, was still largely a family affair. Hence, it was relegated mainly to evenings and the weekends. Another significant finding of the research was that the father, the decision-maker in the family, did not find the food served relevant to him. It wasnt filling enough or to his taste. Taking these nuggets of information, the company worked on extending its range of products and added the Wrap [2002] and the McCurry Pan [2003] to the menu, thereby providing choice and variety as well as addressing the willingness issue that the father faced. The Happy Price Menu came close on the heels of the marketing initiative im lovin it which was launched in September 2003. It has been designed with the purpose of connecting McDonalds with its customers in highly relevant and culturally significant ways around the world. The commu ­nication about this new offering is funky and funny and tells you that McDonalds is a great place at a great price restricted not only to the product, but also extending to the experience. The new television commercials show that any excuse, however small, is a good enough reason to come to McDonalds. The marketing proposition, What your bahana is? speaks to the customer in his lan ­guage, with research once again providing insights for the communication. In an effort to bring the Golden Arches closer to the consumer, The company plans a phased roll out in the region once the operations are established. The key objective for starting de ­liveries is to increase convenience for the customers, so as to enable them to enjoy McDonalds prod ­ucts in the comfort of their homes. At the same time, it aims to make the service hassle-free and easy to use. The concept per se, is not new, as the delivery business has been running successfully in coun ­tries like Brazil, Egypt, Indonesia and Singapore. It is also in line with the international strategy of growing its customer base instead of increasing the number of restaurants. Furthermore, the deliv ­ery model is based on the companys own international standards and is therefore, different in some ways than other local chains. McDonalds is the first in India to have a single toll-free number which customers call to place their order. The call centre determines as to which restaurant the order should be directed. According to Mr. Amit Jatia, Joint Venture Partner Managing Director, McDonalds [Western India], Research conducted by McDonalds has shown that people were ready to try something new and convenient, which would also be value for money. This encouraged the company to launch kiosks in Mumbai in 2004. Kiosks are a point of sales with a limited menu and have been introduced to offer a convenient option for customers who wish to purchase only desserts. Currently, there are 7 kiosks which are op ­erational. These kiosks offer a unique new range of desserts and cold beverages, which are 100% vegetarian. The menu comprises of aerated beverages, non-aerated beverages such as iced tea and cold coffee, soft serves and floats. The strategy is To build brand presence by increasing points of distribution and providing variety to the customers. These are cold kiosks and they serve frozen desserts only. The kiosks are in close proximity of the existing McDonalds outlets only. Serving the Society In keeping with its international policy of serving the society, McDonalds India has also partici ­pated in and supported heath initiatives like the Pulse Polio Immunization program since 1998. In the same year, McDonalds also started Spotlight, an annual inter-school performing arts compe ­tition to provide the students with an atmosphere for healthy competition. Last year, more than 300 schools participated in the event. Other initiatives include its association with the Nehru Science Centre in the year 2000, to bring to the schools of Mumbai, a science quiz, and partnering with the Nalanda Foundation, in the year 2002, for its Blue dot Education Initiative for the under-privileged girl-child. In the near future, the company aims to focus on core markets, get the scale there and then look at further expansion. It plans to add 10 -15 restaurants each year [2004 2005] and estimates a total revenue growth of 40-45% over 2003, of which deliveries will contribute 15- Serving the Society-Assurance In keeping with its international policy of serving the society, McDonalds India has also partici ­pated in and supported heath initiatives like the Pulse Polio Immunization programme since 1998. In the same year, McDonalds also started Spotlight, an annual inter-school performing arts compe ­tition to provide the students with an atmosphere for healthy competition. Last year, more than 300 schools participated in the event. Other initiatives include its association with the Nehru Science Centre in the year 2000, to bring to the schools of Mumbai, a science quiz, and partnering with the Nalanda Foundation, in the year 2002, for its Blue dot Education Initiative for the under-privileged girl-child. Relationship among Variables The key reason behind the success of McDonalds has been the integration of all key objectives and variables under one roof, and then aligning global strategy in the local format. They have used their extensive Public relations capability to build up a strong bonding among the variables. It has bought all the stakeholders at the same platform and assured success and benefit for each one of them. This in turned assured that all of them strive to achieve what McDonalds was set out to achieve when it came to India.

Drugs -Tolerance, Dependence, Addiction and Treatment Essay

There can be a great deal of confusion surrounding the words addiction, physical dependence, and tolerance. People will use these words as if they are referring to the exact thing, but there is a significant difference between them . Misunderstandings about these terms can not only be confusing for the general public but also many in the medical profession. One of the main culprits blamed for this confusion is the fact that the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders has chosen to use the word dependency instead of the word addiction and people assume this to mean physical dependency. Drug tolerance is commonly encountered in pharmacology, when a subject’s reaction to a specific drug and concentration of the drug is progressively reduced, requiring an increase in concentration to achieve the desired effect. Drug tolerance can involve both psychological drug tolerance and physiological factors. The following are characteristics of drug tolerance: it is reversible, the rate depends on the particular drug, dosage and frequency of use, differential development occurs for different effects of the same drug. Physiological tolerance also occurs when an organism builds up a resistance to the effects of a substance after repeated exposure Drug dependence is that it is a condition resulting from the prolonged and usually intense consumption of a drug or drugs which has resulted in psychological and/or physiological dependence on drug consumption. This dependence causes significant problems in one or more areas of the person’s life.Humans adapt so well to having these substances in their system that they suffer negative consequences if the drug is stopped abruptly – these are referred to as withdrawal symptoms. Addiction is a complex disorder characterized by compulsive drug use. While each drug produces different physical effects, all abused substances share one thing in common: repeated use can alter the way the brain looks and functions. Drug addiction is a dependence on an illegal drug or a medication. When you’re addicted, you may not be able to control your drug use and you may continue using the drug despite the harm it causes. Drug addiction can cause an intense craving for the drug. You may want to quit, but most people find they can’t do it on their own.What many people do not know trying a drug for the first time is that it can make you addicted after the first time you use it. People thi nk to themselves, â€Å"I won’t be that person who gets all messed up on drugs†,  they try it, and their hooked. Drug addiction is a serious problem we are facing in our culture today. There are many forms of evidence-based behavioral treatments for substance abuse. Some of the most strongly supported include: Cognitive-behavioral therapy. CBT can help addicted patients overcome substance abuse by teaching them to recognize and avoid destructive thoughts and behaviors. A cognitive-behavioral therapist can, for example, teach a patient to recognize the triggers that cause his or her craving for drugs, alcohol or nicotine, then avoid or manage those triggers. Motivational interviewing. This therapy technique involves structured conversations that help patients increase their motivation to overcome substance abuse by, for example, helping them recognize the difference between how they are living right now and how they wish to live in the future. Contingency management. Using this method, addiction counselors provide tangible incentives to encourage patients to stay off drugs. Those rewards might include offering cash, clinical privileges, work at a steady wage or even restaurant vouchers for each clean drug test. Although these rewards might seem small in comparison with the force of addiction, studies have found that carefully structured contingency management programs can help people stay clean. These behavioral treatments can sometimes be particularly effective when combined with pharmaceutical treatments that either mimic the effects of the drug in a controlled way (such as methadone and buprenorphine for opiate addiction or nicotine chewing gum for cigarette addiction) or reduce or eliminate the â€Å"high† the user gets from the drug (such as naltrexone for opiate or alcohol addiction). Drug abuse is an increasing epidemic in today’s society. There are so many types of drugs being abused today, both legal and illegal. These drugs affect the human body in many different ways. Drug abuse can lead to addiction. Drug addiction involves the repeated and excessive use of a drug to produce pleasure or escape reality despite its destructive effects. Some medications used to treat pain can be addictive. Addiction is different from physical dependence or tolerance, however. In cases of physical dependence, withdrawal symptoms occur when a substance suddenly is stopped. Tolerance occurs when the initial dose of a substance loses its effectiveness over time. Addiction is a psychological and behavioral response that develops in  some people with the use of narcotic pain medicines. People who take a class of drugs called opioids for a long period of time may develop tolerance and even physical dependence. This does not mean, however, that a person is addicted. In general, addiction occurs in only a small percentage of people when narcotics are used under proper medical supervision. The use of and abuse of illegal and prescription drugs are affecting our health, our society, and creating law enforcement problems all across America. Drug usage is destroying the lives and homes of people each and every day. First, it shatters their lives, breaks families up, and takes away peoples hopes and dreams. Once drug addiction begins, an individual’s problems doesn’t go away, it causes their mental state as well as physical ability to continue to diminish from the immediate and long-term adverse effects from the drugs. They think while they are high that their problems are gone but when they come down from the high they realize the problems are still there. Old saying goes: ‘Once an addict, always an addict’. This is often stated by drug users themselves, and it may be more relevant than it sounds. Like ‘recovering’ or ‘ex’-alcoholics, many dry alcoholics still state that they are alcoholic until the day they die. It is true that heroin addicts who have not used the drug for a number of years are still at risk of returning to drug use should certain circumstances arise. This may mean easy availability of the drug or painful life situations, or both. Throughout history there have been waves of drug and alcohol use. When new drugs are introduced into naive populations, there is a sudden rush of enthusiasm, followed by a learning process as the drug is assimilated by the community. However, the menace of drugs can be fought.Education is the first battle. Children need to be told at home and in school about drugs. People need to be aware of the effects so that they can make avoid this problem A second approach is to increase police manpower and powers to stop dealers and to enforce the law. However the main target should be the user. Families and counselor s need to talk to children and people at risk. Parents need to look at their children and help them to become responsible. Jobs are needed to give people a role in society.

Fast Food Argument

Fast food is unhealthy; leads to obesity and disease, but the convenience and addictiveness of it contributes to the laziness of the general population. Most people eat fast food for the lack of time then having prepare a decent meal. It seems as though there is a fast food restaurant on every street corner while driving home. The general population oversees the fact that eating nothing but these greasy foods will attribute to weight gain. Fast food is addictive for the convenience of it and in which it tastes so good. Additionally, the variety of fast food restaurants provides timely manners for people with different work hours; compared to whom works a normal nine to five job. For instance, people try dieting and then will starve their body by not eating anything at all or just salads that will go nowhere fast. The human body needs heavy calories to burn off and produce healthy enzymes and glycogen. Specifically, this helps produce bigger muscles and thicker bone density. Eating nothing at all will still not help a person get healthier because the human brain needs carbohydrates and proteins to function properly. Naturally, eating too much fast food leads to obesity which leads to diabetes, high cholesterol and high blood pressure; which then leads to laziness. Laziness is one of the biggest factors to weight gain. What a vicious circle this is; being too tired to cook after working all day, the convenience of fast food then laziness and furthermore, the unnecessary results of obesity and disease.

A Rose For Emily Essays (383 words) - To Kill A Mockingbird

A Rose For Emily Essays (383 words) - To Kill A Mockingbird A Rose For Emily Reading To Kill A Mockingbird and A Rose For Emily I noticed several differences and likenesses. I would like to convey my thoughts to you. Females in "A Rose For Emily" are depicted as reclusive, crazy, and nosy. Females in "To Kill A Mockingbird" are depicted as smart, outgoing, and full of pride. For example, Emily and Aunt Alexandra are both full of pride. Emily is so full of pride that when she finds out that Homer Barron is not going to marry her and that he is gay that she kills him. She lets the town think that they are married. When in fact she kills him. Emily is afraid of what the town will say about her. Aunt Alexandra is full of a different kind of pride. She is full of family pride. She always tell Jem and Scout about their family tree and history. She also cares about what the town says about them. Aunt Alexandra doesn't want the town to think badly about the Finch family. Emily is a sad figure. She doesn't let anybody befriend her. She barely even talks to her servant. Even when people come to talk to her she either meets them at the door to tell them to go away or she gets her servant to tell them to go away. She is also a recluse. She hardly if ever goes out. Her servant is occasionally seen at the market buying food, but other than that nobody ever goes out from the household. Calpurnia from "To Kill A Mockingbird" is also a sad figure. She has to compromise with the white society that discriminates against blacks. She has to compromise with Aunt Alexandra. She has to do what Aunt Alexandra says even though she does not agree with her. Calpurnia is though, admirable because she has made the best of her opportunities. She is like a member of the Finch family. She has been with them since Mrs. Finch died. In conclusion, Emily has not done the best with her opportunities. She has given up on the world and so she withdrew into her own little world. Emilyis a sad and lonely lady and will die sad and alone. She could have so much more if she only tries, though.

DJ scharton essays

DJ scharton essays This book is written in the perspective of a teenagers life. The writers name is Luke Carver and he is seventeen years old. Luke starts the story off by writing Man, is this lame or what? A seventeen year old guy writing a journal. (pg3) Luke then starts explaining how he was supposed to be writing in his journal over Christmas vacation but he procrastinated as usual. Its now the day before school starts and he only has half a page written. Luke starts writing about his girlfriend Megan and how beautiful she is. Then he goes into explaining how the tri-meet is coming up this Saturday. It takes Luke awhile to get used to the idea of writing a journal but when he does it starts getting interesting. Luke tells about one time that he and his friend Hutch went to top-o-the-world(this is like a lookout spot where you can see for miles). When they got up there Hutch says, Itd be pretty cool to climb down there huh? (pg. 49) Luke then said, Wanna do it? (pg. 50) Hutch then mentioned that Lukes mom kind of made him promise to look out for him. After Luke heard that he got angry and their was no talking him out of climbing down. When they were both done climbing down hutch walked the path to the top and Luke climbed the way One night Hutch spent the night at Lukes and they were sitting watching television and talking. As they were talking Luke asked Hutch if he wanted to visit Lenny, party, and find some girls. They got to Lennys but he said he couldnt go to the party because he had a ten-page paper that was due the next day. So they left and went to the party. After awhile of standing around someone yelled out, Hey, I havent seen you around before. This person introduced herself as Sherry Keeler and introduced her friend Kate Samuels to Hutch. The only one not drinking was Luke because he had to drive h ...

Change and Continuity in Australia under Gough Whitlam Labor Essay

Change and Continuity in Australia under Gough Whitlam Labor Government - Essay Example This paper will examine change under Whitlam but also aspects of continuity Whitlam is regarded an iconic figure in the political history of Australia, because he was remarkable as an exponent of political and other changes, where many of the changes he pushed for yielded positive impacts – irrespective of the fact that, the benefits of the changes were not openly visible in many cases (Staveley, n.d). Following the diverse interpretation of the effects of the then government – on Australia and also the political rivalry between the opposition and the government headed by Whitlam – the Governor General of the state, John Kerr took the measures of removing Whitlam from office; such a step had not been taken before, throughout the history of Australian politics and administrative roles. The dismissal of the Prime Minister in 1975, led to the end of an administrative era, which was celebrated among some, but which also reshaped the meaning developed around the polit ics of Australia (LINKS, n.d). ... For example, Whitlam’s election in 1967 marked a change from the election of members that held experience as workers prior to their enrolment in politics. The election of Whitlam marked the start of a new system of politics and a new generation of leaders, where the change continued to be mirrored in the parliamentary caucus (Bramble and Kuhn, 1999). The change was continued into the future, which was evident from the statistics that 63 percent of senate and House of Representatives from the Labor party were those from a blue collar background. Following Whitlam’s government, there was a change from the limited focus of the government on international affairs, to the case where it actively participated in international society affairs. The involvement in internal society affairs was marked by the country’s increased engagement of international organizations, and also its participation in the making of international agreements (Australian History, 2006). This chan ge was evident through activities like the opening up of state relations with Communist China (National Archives of Australia, 2009). As an active change agent, he travelled widely, more than the Prime Ministers that came after him, which marked an iconic era in the government’s participation in international affairs. There is also an evident thread of discontinuity from the labor policies of the era under Whitlam’s government. Many of the changes reflect a change from more radical to a more moderate outlook of policy formulation, like it had been suggested by Maddox. Some of the discontinuities mark the changes that appeal to increased capital accumulation, where the scope of programs has been

Local Health Departments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Local Health Departments - Essay Example They are departments, which screen and treat sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in rural communities (National Center for Biotechnology Information, 2011). Indeed, local health departments carry out immunization clinics, disease surveillance, health screenings, offer pre-natal care, dental health promotion activities, and participate in environmental health programs (Ohio Department of Health, 2012). Notably, Local health departments play a significant role in promoting public health services in Connecticut County in America. Some of the community partners or stakeholders that are central in Connecticut public health system include St. Vincent’s Health Partners, which is an independent physician-hospital organization that seeks to address the health of high-risk populations in this community. We also have the United Cerebral Palsy Association of S.E. Connecticut, Connecticut Main Street Center, Alliance for Living, and Lawrence & Memorial Hospital (Connecticut College, 2013). Connecticut College. (2013). Working with Community Health Partners. Retrieved from: http://www.conncoll.edu/offices/office-of-volunteers-for-community-service/what-we-do/student-run-programs/pre-health-program/working-with-community-health-partners/ National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2011). The role of local health departments in providing sexually transmitted disease services and surveillance in rural communities. Retrieved from:

A world of Ideals(Eighth Edition) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

A world of Ideals(Eighth Edition) - Essay Example Her studies which led to the creation of the â€Å"Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions† demonstrate the extent of time and history in which women may be found to have endured plenty of stages in coping with moral criticisms and the challenge of attempting to liberate from the slavery of submission to men whether or not they hold a place in a dominant community. Regardless of nationality, religion, philosophical affiliations, women of the 19th century assumed mediocre roles that bore no potential of becoming competitive with men’s superior status and they were deprived even of the right to vote and air personal opinions until, as Stanton indicated, the foundation of the ‘law of equity’. More than the knowledge of seeking evidence of truth in understanding the natural order with respect to social relations and their impact on identifying which the dominant side is, it appears that Stanton’s presentation constitutes the essence of investigating a more specific and delicate matter. Thus, resolving to recalculate self-evident truths by way of conveying a subject on gender inequalities which require no additional proofs despite change in time designates her argument on a winning position, I

Competency of student nurses in the operating room Essay Example for Free

Competency of student nurses in the operating room Essay LEGEND: 4-Competent (Student performs consistently in an effective and efficient manner) 3-Progress Acceptable (performance is usually effective and efficient but not always) 2-Needs Improvement (progress in performance is too slow to judge satisfactorily; task performance is not done properly for majority of the time0 1-Progress Unacceptable (no progress in performance has been demonstrated and/ or performance is consistently ineffective and inefficient) CORE COMPETENCY SCORE REMARKS A. safe and quality nursing care 1. utilizes the nursing process in the care of OR client a. Obtains comprehensive client’s information by checking complete accomplishment of the preoperative checklist/ clients chart b. Identifies priority needs of the client at the Operating Room c. Provides needed nursing interventions based on identified needs d. Monitors client’s responses to surgery 2. Promotes safety and comfort of patients inside the OR a. Transports client safely from the unit to OR b. Transfer client safely from the stretcher to OR bed, OR bed to stretcher, stretcher to RR bed (e.g. use of side rails) c. Places properly grounding pad under the patient for electro-surgical equipment d. Monitor vital signs e. Provides physical comfort utilizing comfort devices/ techniques f. Provides needed blankets and sheets to prevent hypothermia and provide privacy g. Assist in proper and safe positioning of clients in preparation for surgery h. Observes the principles of strict surgical aseptic techniques within the work area at all times i. Observes universal precautions in handling body fluids 3. Performs the functions of the scrub nurse a. Drapes the operative field correctly b. Performs surgical scrub correctly c. Dons surgical gowns and gloves correctly d. Serves gowns, gloves and drapes aseptically e. Prepared surgical instruments, sponges, sutures and other supplies in functional agreement f. Hands instruments, sponges, sutures and other materials according to surgeon’s preference g. Performs surgical count accurately h. Performs after care of the surgical instruments 4. Performs the functions of the circulating nurse a. Prepared the surgical table and all needed equipment and supplies for surgery b. Assist the anesthesiologist in the induction of anesthesia c. Performs the surgical skin preparation of the client d. Checks with the scrub nurse the completeness of surgical sponges, needles and instruments e. Anticipates the needs of the surgical team f. Ensures intactness and functionality of all contraptions ( e.g. IVF; BT; IFC; NGT) g. Helps in the after care of all equipment and the OR as a whole h. Hand additional instruments and supplies aseptically as needed i. Check sheet integrity and sterility of OR packs i.1. Sets up the OR Room needed equipment i.2. Receives client for surgery/ endorses client post-operatively i.3. Assists in skin preparation and draping of client 5. Administer medications and other health therapeutics safely 6. Executes legal orders of the surgeon/ anesthesiologist accurately and timely 7. Evaluates patient’s response to interventions 8. Monitors patients progress during surgery and immediate post-op phase B. Management of resources and environment 1. Ensures availability, completeness and functionality of OR equipments 2. Observes protocols in unrestricted, semi-restricted and restricted areas in the OR 3. Performs proper disinfection and sterilization protocols 4. Observes proper disposal of hazardous and non hazardous wastes. Observes proper handling and up keeping of OR resources 5. Observes OR policies, procedures and protocols on infection control 6. Conducts inventory of OR resources 7. Awareness of the institutional evacuation and location plan both for fire, earthquake and other major emergencies. C. Health Education 1. Implements appropriate health education activities to client based on needs assessment of the intra-operative client 2. Reinforces pre-operative health teachings to client D. Legal Responsibility 1. Adheres to legal and institutional protocols regarding informed consent and other legal documents E. Ethico- Moral Responsibility 1. Respects the rights of the OR client 2. Accepts responsibility and accountability for own decision and actions as an OR nurse 3. Maintains privacy and confidentiality of client’s information 4. Adheres to the Code of Ethics for Nurses F. Personal and Professional Development 1. Performs OR functions and according to professional standards 2. Possesses positive attitude towards learning surgical and OR-related knowledge and skills G. Quality Improvement 1. Reports significant actual or potential observations regarding the surgical client 2. Reports positive or negative variances at the OR 3. Identifies and reports variances in sterility and other OR activities H. Research 1. Disseminates results of OR-related research findings to clinical group and other members of the OR team as appropriate I. Records Management 1. Maintain legible, accurate and updated documentation of patient care in the chart/ and OR dorms 2. Submits timely, complete an accurate surgical slips and Or write-ups for cases handled J. Communication 1. Utilizes therapeutic communication skills with patients, significant others and members of the health team 2. Establishes professional relationships with members of the surgical/ health team 3. Utilizes proper channel of communication 4. Observes complete and accurate endorsement procedures 5. Uses appropriate information mechanism to facilitate communication inside the OR and with other departments in the hospital K. Collaboration and Teamwork 1. Collaborates plan of care with other members of the health team